Society Wasn’t Built In a Day Societal Structure in The...

In metropolises it was not the thing to arrive early at the opera; and what was or was not the thing played a part as important in Newland Archers New York as the inscrutable totem errors that had ruled the destinies of his forefathers thousands of years ago-Edith Wharton The Age of Innocence Societies, like houses and businesses are built a certain way. They each have a certain way of functioning and placing some people above others. Throughout history, there are plenty examples of this concept, the best of which lies within the feudal system of Medieval Europe. Feudalism started with the Lords, who owned the land on which their Vassals worked and lived. The vassals did not run the place, and were seen as part of the base of the societal structure that supported the Lords by working their land for them. The same idea is depicted in the society Edith Wharton writes of in The Age of Innocence. In The Age of Innocence, the highest rung on the ladder that is high New York society is made up of those who are very wealthy and have people who work for them, or have people looking up to them for advice and/or help. Those below the top of the ladder, while still having some people who look up to them, also have people above them who they need to go to for help and other services, and so on and so forth as you go down the ladder. Now, the higher someone is on that ladder, the more â€Å"pure† they must be in order to project a good image to those below them, meaning they must beShow MoreRelatedSociety Wasn’t Built In a Day: Societal Structure in The Age of Innocence.1328 Words   |  5 PagesThe strict adherence to the societal traditions demonstrates the rigidity of people’s lives in this very structured society. The numerous traditions and formalities in New York’s society alludes to how little breathing room the people have when it comes to keeping traditions. One of these traditions is the tradition that â€Å"every year on the fifteenth of October, Fifth Avenue opened its shutters, unrolled its carpets, and hung up its triple layer of window curtains. By the first of November this householdRead MoreEssay Joseph Conrads The Secret Agent4969 Words   |  20 PagesJoseph Conrads The Secret Agent: A Critique of Late-Victorian Gender Roles February 15, 1894, was the most interesting afternoon in the otherwise dreary history of Greenwich Observatory. Earlier in the day, Martial Bourdin, a skinny anarchist, traveled by train from Westminster to Greenwich, concealing a small bomb. As he ominously ambled through Greenwich Park, towards the Observatory, something happened - no one knows exactly what - and he blew most of himself to shreds. The British, whoRead MoreImpact of Science on Society38421 Words   |  154 PagesTHE IMPACT OF SCIENCE ON SOCIETY James Burke Jules Bergman Isaac Asimov NASA SP-482 THE IMPACT OF SCIENCE ON SOCIETY James Burke Jules Bergman Isaac Asimov Prepared by Langley Research Center Scientific and Technical Information Branch 1985 National Aeronautics and Space Administration Washington, DC Library of Congress Cataloging in PublicationData Burke, James, 1936The impact of science on society. (NASA SP ; 482) Series of lectures given at a public lecture series sponsoredRead MoreImpact of Science on Society38427 Words   |  154 PagesTHE IMPACT OF SCIENCE ON SOCIETY James Burke Jules Bergman Isaac Asimov NASA SP-482 THE IMPACT OF SCIENCE ON SOCIETY James Burke Jules Bergman Isaac Asimov Prepared by Langley Research Center Scientific and Technical Information Branch 1985 National Aeronautics and Space Administration Washington, DC Library of Congress Cataloging in PublicationData Burke, James, 1936The impact of science on society. (NASA SP ; 482) Series of lectures given at a public lecture series sponsored by NASA andRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pages analyzing and exploring organization theory the book increases the understanding of a field that in recent years has become ever more fragmented. Organization theory is central to managing, organizing and reflecting on both formal and informal structures, and in this respect you will find this book timely, interesting and valuable. Peter Holdt Christensen, Associate Professor, Copenhagen Business School, Denmark McAuley et al.’s book is thought-provoking, witty and highly relevant for understandingRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesis an online assessment and preparation solution for courses in Principles of Management, Human Resources, Strategy, and Organizational Behavior that helps you actively study and prepare material for class. Chapter-b y-chapter activities, including built-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Kim S. Cameron

Breast-Feeding Vs. Bottle Feeding Is A Very Important...

Breast-feeding vs. bottle feeding is a very important decision for new parents as well as a very hot topic of debate for most heath oriented communities. Most health, family and infant related communities and services such as the American Academy of Pediatrics, American Medical Association, the World Health Organization, etc. support and promote breast-feeding infants. Their suggestion urges mothers to at least breastfeed for the first few days after giving birth even if they decide to bottle feed their infant(s), so that the infant(s) can get the health benefits from the mother s milk and also so that the mother can alleviate some of the pressure in her breasts from the milk production. Cost wise breast-feeding is more cost efficient†¦show more content†¦There are benefits to the mother for both breast and bottle feeding. When a mother breastfeeds her infant for example, this allows for bonding between the parent and child which actually can help prevented postpartum depre ssion in new mother s. Breastfeeding also helps mothers to burn calories helps to shrink their uterus. This is beneficial in allowing new mothers to return to their previous weight and shape sooner and healthier. It also helps to decrease the risk of breast, uterine and ovarian cancer. Most mothers who breast feed also experience less postpartum bleeding. Some basic comfort issues of breast-feeding that are alleviate by bottle feeding is the soreness and is comfort that many new mothers feel during breast-feeding. This includes the latch on pain that lasts about a minute during every breast-feeding for the first week and also nipple soreness and swelling. Although breast milk is slightly healthier for an infant, good formulas can also offer the nutrients that an infant needs so it isn t good to base the whole decision on this reason. This is not to say however that it is a menial reason. Cow s milk can be allergenic to a lot of infants. It is also important to noteShow MoreRelated Breast Feeding Vs. The Bottle1326 Words   |  6 PagesBreast-feeding vs. The Bottle: The Decision is yours â€Å"Some mothers have to give up breastfeeding even though they want to breastfeed. To give up breastfeeding can be a sensitive issue in a time when breastfeeding is promoted as the healthiest for mother and child† (Larsen Kronborg, 2013, p. 848). The debate over whether breast-feeding is better than bottle-feeding or vice versa has been a debate for many years. With more and more research that is continuously being developed, the option to breast-feedRead MoreBreast Feeding vs Bottle Feeding2073 Words   |  9 Pagesversus Formula Feeding Your family is expecting a newborn baby within the next couple of months. This event in someone’s life will change their lives forever and can be a very exciting and exhausting change. Although you may be excited and impatient for the baby’s arrival, this event can cause a lot of stress on the family. While your lives are completely changing; there are things you need to do to prepare yourself and there are many important decisions that need to be made. Decisions need to beRead MoreThe Health Benefits Of Breast Feeding1451 Words   |  6 PagesOne of the biggest decisions young mothers have to make today is the choice of how and what their babies. Basically, when it comes down to it, there are only two choices, breastfeeding or bottle/formula feeding. Breast feeding is simply the baby sucking milk from the mother’s breasts, while formula feeding is manufactured food fed to the baby with a bottle. There are arguments for and against one or the other, but whic h is actually better? Below we will examine the pros and cons of both methods,Read MoreThe Breast Vs. Bottle Debate1718 Words   |  7 Pages The Breast vs. Bottle Debate Deciding whether to formula feed or breastfeed ones baby is one of the biggest and most crucial decisions expectant and new parents will make before giving birth. Organizations such as World Health Organizations (WHO), American Medical Association (AMA), American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), and American Dietetic Association recommend breastfeeding as the best option for the newborn. Most of these organizations and other supporters of breastfeeding affirm that it defendsRead MoreInfant Nutrition: What is best for your baby - breast milk or formula?1795 Words   |  8 Pagesand most important decision that you will make for your baby is whether to feed your baby breast milk or formula. Many women today are opting for formula, but what is the best choice? There are advantages and disadvantages to both breastfeeding and formula feeding. You need to carefully weigh the pros and cons before you make your decision. There are very distinct nutritional differences between breast milk a nd formula. Nutritionally, breast milk is exactly what your baby needs. Breast milk willRead MoreHealth Professionals Attitudes Towards The Promotion Of Breastfeeding1679 Words   |  7 Pageswhether or not the health professional’s opinion on breastfeeding matters to the new mother. Breastfeeding is the feeding of babies or young children with milk from a female breast. The international breastfeeding journal recognizes breastfeeding as a very important public health issue with gigantic social and economic implications. The journal also reports that infants who do not receive breast milk are likely to experience poorer health outcomes than breastfed infants and that mothers who do not breastfeedRead MoreBreastfeeding Of The Public Eye1815 Words   |  8 Pagesbreastfeeding vs bottle feeding because if they did many people would oppose to feeding a hungry baby whenever and wherever it was needed. Lastly, the biggest problem that is seen, is that society looks at breastfeeding in public as taboo because they see it as sexual in nature due to the way many view breasts in general. One solution to this problem is creating awareness by educating on legislations regarding breastfeeding in public, educating on benefits of breastfeeding vs bottle feeding and lastlyRea d MoreInfant Formul Just As Healthy1873 Words   |  8 Pagesyou should feed your newborn? Breast milk or infant formula? Or have you ever considered why so many mothers prefer to breastfeed versus bottled formula? If so, you may find your answers to your questions here. What is breast milk you say? Breast milk is simply defined as the milk produced from the breast of a female that is intended for newborn babies. You ask what is infant formula? Infant formula is considered to be a manufactured food designed and marketed for feeding babies and infants usuallyRead MoreThe Vs. Formula For Infants Essay1090 Words   |  5 Pages Boobies Vs Formula When a woman delivers a baby, she has many questions to think about, like what shots to give them, where the baby should sleep, and what type of diapers they should use. One of the hardest decisions a new mother has to make is whether or not to breastfeed their baby. For years, mothers have been debating what would be more beneficial for the baby, breastfeeding or formula. â€Å"Several health organizations, including the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), the American MedicalRead MoreBiological Properties Of Breast Milk2623 Words   |  11 Pagesgain. The best way to tackle most of the complications that come with a premature birth is breast milk. Depending on the level of maturity, the newborn can either breastfeed directly from the breast, or the milk can be pumped from the mother and fed to the newborn. This paper will give a summary of different articles that give both qualitative and quantitative data proving how the different properties of breast milk in compariso n to formula, are more beneficial for a premature infant. Mainly showing

Content Of Professional Ethics For Accountants Accounting Essay Free Essays

Introduction Code of professional behavior for comptrollers, is the basic content of professional moralss for comptrollers, which the comptrollers should follow in the business activity and is used to set the behaviour of comptrollers. Along with the economic development, the behaviour criterions, the working types and the societal environment has had the alteration mostly. Meanwhile, people ‘s political orientation and value is besides altering. We will write a custom essay sample on Content Of Professional Ethics For Accountants Accounting Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now And the codification of moralss for professional comptrollers to breed ethical behaviour is uneffective. Lovell ( 1995 ) said: Much unfavorable judgment has been arisen at the accounting profession, such as the failure of accounting paperss and the failure of the accounting profession satisfactorily to take history of the public involvement in the finding of the hereafter of accounting and scrutinizing pattern. Many jobs have risen, such as, accounting information untruthful, accounting action ‘s nonstandard. It disarrangesA the order of the accounting profession. So observers have questioned the effectivity of the codification. In this article, it will discourse why the codification of professional behavior for comptrollers is uneffective. It refers five facets that are of import. Body There are defect and cleft bing in the system building. Related jurisprudence and codification of comptrollers are non perfect, and the system is imperfect, which carries out it can be suiting and is really easy to take advantage. Some accountant ordinances system is disused, does non accommodate with the present economic work activity, and needs to revise. Harmonizing to Reiter ( 1997 ) , there should be new paradigms for accounting pattern, in order to breed ethical behaviour of comptroller. Besides there are many sorts of accounting codification at the same clip, which affected the behaviour of members of the accounting profession. Accounting Furthermore accountant the object locates the environment of accounting is complicated and diversified, which carries it trouble on the accurate localisation and the measuring. The definition of the comptrollers ‘ behaviour in the Torahs and ordinances is expressed, so the endeavor is really easy to run in advantage of the standard clef t. Social intermediary organisations have non carry out the codification purely independently, objectively, reasonably. Richardson, Cullen and Richardson ( 1996 ) said accounting and the comptrollers ‘ behaviour is influenced by the directors. Accounting houses and other societal mediators rely to a great extent on the purposes of director. with the drive of ferocious market competition, appetency of involvement and short-action, they go against the codification of moralss for professional comptrollers, to gain much from the company that should be audited, turn a blind oculus to the deformation of accounting information or even be an component, which damaged the independency of CPA audit services, and did non truly play an function of supervising, accounting deformation information has become inevitable. Harmonizing to Morgan ( 1996 ) , in his research, we can see that accounting contributes to the procedures of societal and organisational production is a large ground that the cod ification for comptrollers is uneffective. Social environment besides influences the actions of comptrollers. Social environment means a sort of ambiance, including a traditional wonts of idea, constructs of value, mode of behaviour, and the traditional attitude and position on the economic system. Harmonizing to Maury ( Maury A ; McCarthy 2007 ) , he thought environment that supported these accounting and ethical. With the economic development, the behaviour criterions, the working types and the societal environment has had the alteration mostly. Meanwhile, people ‘s political orientation and value is besides altering. And the codification of moralss for professional comptrollers to breed ethical behaviour is uneffective. Many jobs have risen, such as, accounting information untruthful, accounting action ‘s nonstandard. It disarrangesA the order of the accounting profession Low qualities of comptrollers result in the ineffective of the codification. Harmonizing to Lovell ( 1995 ) , moral logical thinking and moral ambiance is cardinal facet to keep the order of accounting profession. First, it ‘s hapless self-denial. Since the development of competitory societal market economic system and the impact on values, portion of the lower moral comptrollers are frequently hard to defy enticement and adhere to the rule, so that individuality, money worship, hedonism is worse and worse. Everett and Green ( 2006 ) said that the nature of accounting virtuousnesss was altering. They earn money by non entering the income and intentionally forging, changing, hiding, destructing the accounting information. Second, many accounting staffs have a thin sense of jurisprudence. Some members of the accounting profession do non analyze jurisprudence and the method of accounting criterions, cognize small about the accounting codification, or even disregard the Torahs and ordinances. They do non set histories and supervise harmonizing to the ordinances. Last, the comptrollers have a hapless sense of professional moralss. Some comptrollers normally do non pay attending to the cultivation of professional moralss, no set up a existent thought of good religion, so in practical work, when they met with struggles of national involvements, societal involvements, unit and single involvements, they can non lodge to rules and do non move harmonizing to regulations and ordinances, instead from private involvements, made a breach of professional moralss in the behavior of accounting. Internal inadvertence mechanism is non perfect and deficiency of self-discipline mechanism. Some leaders want to derive political advantage, and capital, so they require the endeavors comptrollers to work for them. Accountants are frequently out of self-defense, output to force per unit area from the leading and inactive false histories. Some internal control system is uneffective and non implemented. With deficiency of independency, the internal audit is hard to make oversight. Effective corporate administration and internal control system is the base to transport out the codification for comptrollers. Decision Code of professional behavior for comptrollers should be a contemplation of the accounting forces ‘s ethical motives behavior. As a codification, it ‘s used to teach the accounting, to keep the behaviour of comptrollers. Code of professional behavior for comptrollers is of import in engender ethical behaviour, which can vouch the accounting informations existent and complete, and keeping the order of the activities of comptrollers, and advancing the development of societal market economic system. This article has talked about the grounds that led the ineffective of the codification of professional behavior for comptrollers. In face with these jobs, it ‘s high clip for us to take some actions to work out it, to do a good environment for accounting and breeding ethical behaviour. Undertaking 2 Introduction Accountants take the chief duty of accounting activities, pros or cons of their ethical quality and professional quality will straight impact the quality of accounting units. There are many ethical jobs about the comptrollers which have been inferred in the Question 1, such as untruth accounting information, doing unsound information, falsifying the accounting informations, hammering verifier, and even disobeying the jurisprudence. The codification of Ethics is different from the jurisprudence. Accounting jurisprudence and ordinances as a compulsory criterion, it requires unconditioned in conformity with the demands of legal to move. And accounting moralss from religion, character, ability and that much more profound degree of nature and to act upon and better the quality of accounting behaviour. Following, it will speak about how to do an effectual codification of moralss for professional comptrollers and the grounds. In this portion, it relates five of import grounds, and explains them individually. Body It ‘s a base to amend and better the codification of accounting to beef up the edifice of the moralss for professional comptrollers. Development and betterment of the codification of accounting is basically a procedure of institutional alteration and invention. This procedure must follow the rule of effectivity. It is necessary to firmly lock the long-run reform of the accounting norm system of ends, but besides give full consideration to the building of the bing accounting standard theoretical account and the characteristics ; it is necessary to see the key restraints of the codification in institutional agreements, but besides to see the influence of informal establishment such as accounting environment. Effective corporate administration and internal control system is of import to the execution of codification of accounting. Tisha, Emerson, Conroy and Stanley ( 2007 ) â€Å" We postulate that accounting practicians may use a legalistic model to their appraisal of the acceptableness of each sketch. † So better the system and codification is of import. Internal Control Systems provides a good internal environment the in the operation of the codification for comptrollers in the endeavor. Internal control system can be divided into internal accounting control and internal direction control, criterion, systematic, scientific internal control system enhances the monitoring attempts of accounting criterion, which can cut down the job of non obey the codification from the beginning. Internal accounting control is the key in the internal control. The procedure of constitution of sound internal accounting control itself is the execution of the codification comptrollers in the endeavor procedure ; internal accounting control in concern operations based on criterion or another is one of the basic content of the accounting criterion. The strength of full scope of accounting supervising system is a system protect for the smooth operation of the codification for the comptrollers. First, strengthen internal accounting control system which is based on the internal audit. The internal audit has uncomparable advantages compared with the external ordinance: at foremost, the internal audit staff can take part in the enterprise day-to-day concern activities, so the information accessed is more specific, elaborate and systematic than external regulators ; what ‘s more, the internal audit belongs to the internal direction of endeavors, so it can place jobs earlier and resolved internally in progress, which can gain the trust of the leaders ; at last, the internal audit is aimed to guarantee the smooth operation of the economic and better economic benefit of the company, which is in understanding with the concluding end of the accounting and leading answerability ends. Second, set uping and bettering a full scope of ex ternal monitoring system is the warrant to the smooth execution of the codification for the comptrollers. As Donaldson ( 1982 ) said, to do the codification more effectual, it should authorise more public proceedings. External supervising include civilian inadvertence of accounting houses as the behalf of investors ; the authorities supervising implemented by the fiscal sector and other relevant sections and other signifiers of extended societal monitoring such as public sentiment. Under certain conditions, a broad scope of community supervising in peculiar public sentiment can play function of inadvertence mechanisms which other machineries are hard to make. Optimization of the action of the comptrollers is besides a cardinal facet. Optimization of the comptrollers ‘ action means to optimise the entityA to accomplishing the integrating effects of group behaviour, to better efficiency and to accomplish and make of import â€Å" capable † warrant and the environment to implement the codification. Supply a good societal environment for it besides influences the actions of comptrollers. In the sentiment of Cohen, Pant and Sharp ( 1992 ) , cultural and socioeconomic factors could hinder the credence and execution of a profession ‘s international codification of behavior. Harmonizing to Stevens ( 2008 ) † Culture and effectual communicating are cardinal constituents to a codification ‘s success. † Promotion and instruction is of import. circulate consistently and explicate accountancy professional moralss through certain agencies and methods so it can make a strong ambiance of public sentiment and bit by bi t perforate into the deepnesss of people ‘s heads which can sublimate the interior universe, better the cognitive criterions, set up a moral normative value. Another step is set an illustration for presentation. Influence the ethical behaviour of accounting practicians, through promotion and instruction on the advanced theoretical accounts. Examples can be inspirational and put forward ends which can ensue in great mental strength. -e? » c ¤?aa?†cs„?†¹Ã¢â‚¬ °aa ­-c ¬Ã‚ ¦cs„?†¹?eY? A a ­-a†¦? – ?Y?c?†¹a ­-a†¦?e? ¦c »Ã¢â‚¬  a† Ã¢â‚¬ ¦a ®? To make an excellence belongings rights environment is of import. Social environment means a sort of ambiance, including a traditional wonts of idea, constructs of value, mode of behaviour, and the traditional attitude and position on the economic system. Clear definition of belongings rights is the chief factor for comptrollers conduct accounting activities based on the codification. Decision The codification for comptrollers purposes to breeding ethical behaviours, and it ‘s evident that transporting out the codification for comptrollers and bettering the ethical behaviour of comptrollers are of import in the accounting activities. From recent research, it showed that the codification is non effectual, as it says in the book of Dandago ( 2003 ) . So it ‘s high clip to take some actions, such as the five actions talked above: amending and bettering the codification, effectual corporate administration and internal control system, full scope of accounting supervising system, optimisation of the action of the comptrollers and making an excellence belongings rights environment. The codification of moralss for professional comptrollers constitutes a usher, which restricts and regulates the ethical behaviour of accounting activities. It represents the accounting profession ‘s moral duty and duty to society. Strengthen the edifice of the accounting codification of moralss can do it effectual in standardising accounting behaviour. How to cite Content Of Professional Ethics For Accountants Accounting Essay, Essay examples

Innovation and Continuous Improvement for Sourcing- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theInnovation and Continuous Improvement for Smart Sourcing. Answer: Smart Sourcing Talent acquisition costs come into play when a new position is being filled for the first time, when an existing position is refilled due to turnover, and when employees switch jobs internally. Much of the spend for acquiring talent is on sourcing, including recruiting agency fees and recruitment advertising costs for new hires. It is estimated that worldwide, organizations spend upwards of a combined $85 billion each year to source candidates.2 These fees typically come out of the budget of the hiring department and may not be visible to an organization through its HR departments accounting of talent acquisition costs. Using smart sourcing technologies, businesses of all sizes can get the same talent sourcing advantages that large organizations enjoy. You can recruit faster from a wider network of qualified candidates, build stronger relationships with active and passive job seekers, and earn a higher return on your sourcing investments. Automate job board processes. Get the most out of your job board investments with predictive ranking and optimization capabilities. Recommend job boards with the highest likelihood for attracting qualified talent, and automatically post to these boards. Build a talent pool. Reduce your dependence on third-party recruiters and external rsum databases by keeping your own database of quality candidates. Then manage candidate relationships so you can tap into this valuable resource when you have a job opening. Candidate relationship databases lower sourcing costs by better marketing opportunities to candidates sourced in the past. Plug into social networks. According to the Pew Research Internet Project, 73% of online adults use social networking sites.3As more people use social networks such as Facebook, LinkedIn, and Twitter, you can go beyond job boards. A 2012 publication by Meisha Rouser found that 18.4 million applicants found their jobs on Facebook, 10.2 million found theirs on LinkedIn, and 8 million found theirs on Twitter. 2nd Method: Sustainable Method Compliance Management Compliance is a major part of your recruiting, hiring, and performance evaluation processes. Its not only about automating and streamlining but also about documenting and archiving to ensure that you are capturing the data you need in order to maintain compliance with regulatory agencies or internal policies and procedures. The following best practices in compliance management will help you track your recruiting and hiring initiatives and report on them. Before [Oracle Recruiting Cloud Service], we had all candidates applying through e-mail and we managed the candidates on an Excel spreadsheet. We are now able to search, track, and report metrics to our executive team. Alissa Dare Human Resources Manager, ProService Hawaii 8 Increase transparency. A recruiting solution ensures that you execute proper notification and advertising of open positionsa requirement for public sector agencies and educational organizations. Automate reporting and ensure online privacy . The U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) requires proper notification and reporting about job openings, screening, compensation, and other HR practices. In addition, many government agencies in the U.S. and Europe require that all information be kept private and not be distributed. An online recruiting solution can automate reporting processes and ensure that all information is confidential, while reducing your costs. Define basic qualifications. Enforce use of job templates to ensure consistency in how you post positions. Make sure basic qualifications are specific, objective, and measurable. Document and communicate evaluation criteria and processes, which will help you establish your applicant pool. Track expressions of interest. Create, document, and communicate company selection policies and processes. Communicating a clear definition of expressions of interest and consideration is critical for identifying who is an applicant and who is not. Track candidate status. Automatically track the candidate through the workflow process. Its important to track the steps and status and capture the reason a candidate is no longer being considered for a position. This information is then available for compliance reporting. Ensure proper certifications and qualifications. Automated prescreening and background checks help you determine whether candidates meet the basic qualifications outlined for the job. Safeguard against charges of bias. Some employers struggle to apply federal job mandates consistently. Smart screening technologies rectify this, by retaining a record of each applicants assessment. Action Plan You have a clear view of which jobs are likely to be open, and when.You gathered, reviewed and analyzed the data on your hiring in the past three years, and you know which jobs and job groups tend to need filling. You also know the seasonality of your business, and can plan ahead for hiring needs. Job seekers and referrals to reach them are already in your pipeline.You know many sources for great candidates that you can reach at the click of a mouse or by placing a phone call, because you are continuously doing the groundwork of sourcing for your most-often open positions. You have job postings updated, paired with sticky videos and graphics, and ready to go at a moments notice.With all of the many platforms for recruiting, and all of the creative work your companys marketing group is doing, why reinvent the wheel? Encourage your Talent Acquisition team to partner with Marketing to come up with effective messages and graphics that are consistent with the branding and marketing your company is already doing, and tailored toward recruiting new hires. You know where to post to find the right-fit candidates.You cant post openings on your website and forget it if you want to effectively recruit in todays market. Reducing your time to fill, attracting the right candidates, running an efficient hiring process and getting the right hire all depend on being intentional in your posting. In addition, since you are looking to increase diversity in your job seeker pool, you are also reaching out to specialty sources to post your openings. You (or your recruiters) know the jobs and your hiring leaders specific needs.Do your recruiters know how to screen job seekers the right way, so your hiring managers are getting the best group of candidates to review? Instead of having a check the box mentality, you (or your recruiters) are willing and able to understand the job so you can analyze the job seeker pool in a more sophisticated way. And if you have one, you make sure your smart TA team is functioning at their top efficiency and effectiveness, and not making excuses about how they dont have time to fully evaluate candidates. And there's absolutely NO "fire hose" candidate throughput. Managers don't have time for that! You and your Talent Acquisition team is willing to tell managers the truth, even if they dont want to hear it.Like many managers, mine sometimes want to insist on looking for the candidate that doesnt exist-the early career Harvard MBA with 10 years of experience in mergers and acquisitions that is excited to relocate to Sioux Falls for a salary of $40,000 per year. You, your recruiters and TA leaders have built trust with the business, so when you push back, hiring leaders may not like it, but they will listen. You know which competencies lead to success in the roles at your company, and how to assess for them in the hiring process.You provide training and development for hiring leaders and others on how to effectively interview and assess talent, whether you have pre-hire assessments formally implemented or not. And you look back at how hires have performed, gathering, analyzing and interpreting the data so we know if we're doing it right. You have access to compliance resources to ensure that your recruiting and hiring process is not only effective, but consistent with legal requirements.You understand the potential for adverse impact and discrimination, and know how to avoid them in your talent acquisition activities, as well as how to properly document your processes to reduce risk. Keep your yourself and your team in the loop by following the latest Society for Human Resource Management (SHRM) Employment Law updates (https://www.shrm.org/resourcesandtools/legal-and-compliance/employment-law/pages/default.aspx) and subscribing to SHRMs Workplace Compliance newsletter. You use data to pinpoint the sourcing, recruiting and hiring activities that deliver the best ROI.You dont just throw things out there-you continuously review performance and assess against benchmarks that make sense for your business. Then you adjust your process for maximum value. The first-year onboarding program at your company is up and running for every new hire, starting at offer acceptance.You know that when you deliver an offer letter and receive an acceptance from a new hire, there will be a seamless handoff to the background check process, ordering needed equipment and space, and delivering a welcome gift to your newest team member. Memo on Customer Service provision Improving Your Customer Service: Use Online Tools to Personalize Assistance Your website is usually the customer's first exposure to your company, so your homepage should be personal and user-friendly. Include staff bios or embed a Twitter feed to build an intimate relationship with your customer, and consider these online tools: Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software:Programs likeMicrosoft Access,Salesforce.comandOraclecollect important consumer background, including search history and time spent online, says Kumar. If you're selling an Internet-based service, knowing your customers' operating systems or connection speeds will reveal their intent for the product, give some context to you concerning their complaintn and strengthen the company-consumer relationship. Social Media:Think ofFacebookandTwitteras "listening posts," says Burns. People love to chat about their recent purchases and experiences, so why not tune in? But, she cautions, be mindful that those conversations may not represent the majority and should be put into context. Online Re views:The blogosphere can be a cruel place, but embrace sites likeYelpandCitysearchfor their comprehensive feedback and seize the opportunity to respond to customers. It's a "way to engage in a two-way dialogue," says Burns, and should be used for problem prevention and customer retention. Mobile Strategy:Customers expect on-the-go service, and that means you need to be mobile-ready, Fromm says. Go green, like Apple, and email receipts, or follow the southern department store Belk, whosemobile addressallows traveling customers to text in their feedback.

The Development of the Federal Reserve Essay Example For Students

The Development of the Federal Reserve Essay To guard against this possibility, bankers prior to the establishment of the Federal Reserve would establish lines of credit with larger banks. In the event of a run, the smaller bank would draw on the line of credit. The larger banks, or central banks, to keep shady small-time operators out of business, evaluated the line of credit. Nobody would invest serious money to a small bank not protected against a run by a larger partner. However, the system was not perfect. In times of panic, large numbers of depositors would demand to withdraw their money. Only the largest Wall Street banks, with millions of dollars in reserve, could guard against this. Stories of bank runs- tales of people running to withdraw all their cash from their accounts- may seem dramatic, almost theatrical to people today. But to people living in an economically unstable society, like the early twentieth century, they were an expected occurrence. The banks were independent rivals, the amount of currency in circulation was fixed, and there was no element of trust between the depositor and the bank. The banks, in an attempt to avoid bank runs, were hoarding their money. We will write a custom essay on The Development of the Federal Reserve specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now However in order to hoard the money, they did not lend any out, bringing the economy to a standstill. The credit system of the country had ceased to operate, and thousands of firms went into bankruptcy. Something had to be done that would provide for a flexible amount of currency as well as provide cohesion between banks across the United States. A large regulated bank, like the Federal Reserve could make this happen. The Federal Reserve Act of 1913 helped to establish banks as a united force working for the people instead of independent agencies working against each other. By providing a flexible amount of currency, banks did not have to hoard their money in fear of a bank run. Because of this, there was no competitive edge to see who could keep the most currency on hand and a more expansionary economy was possible. The evolution of the Federal Reserve did not begin on December 23, 1913 with the passage of the Federal Reserve Act. Rather, it began with the Banking Panic of 1907, the most severe of the four national banking panics that had occurred in the precious thirty-four years. During this time several large corporations and stock brokerages went bankrupt that summer. Stock prices fell, causing traders to withdraw money from banks to cover their losses. There was a recession looming nationwide. It was a terrible situation that needed help or it could keep deteriorating and produce a panic far worse than any previous panics. J.P. Morgan, the legendary founder of one of Wall Streets largest investment banks, swung into action to meet the crisis. He assembled a team of bank and trust executives who met around the clock in Morgans library every day for three weeks. The men had every incentive to act forcefully. Their own businesses and vast fortunes were on the line. Under Morgans direction, the team redirected money from strong to weak banks, secured further lines of credit overseas, and bought stock in distressed but still sound corporations. Within a few weeks the panic passed, with only minimal effects on the country.Morgan did not receive the thanks of a grateful nation. A House of Representatives committee investigated Morgan. Morgan, it turned out, had profited by his actions in saving the country. The stocks he had purchased at fire sale prices had increased in value and this could not be tolerated. In response to this, a committee was established to find the flaws of the current banking system. This committee, the National Monetary Commission, found there were two main flaws dominating the system. First, the currency was not responsive to changes in demand. .uf2c317336a6a07effb9e5f5b85b36de9 , .uf2c317336a6a07effb9e5f5b85b36de9 .postImageUrl , .uf2c317336a6a07effb9e5f5b85b36de9 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf2c317336a6a07effb9e5f5b85b36de9 , .uf2c317336a6a07effb9e5f5b85b36de9:hover , .uf2c317336a6a07effb9e5f5b85b36de9:visited , .uf2c317336a6a07effb9e5f5b85b36de9:active { border:0!important; } .uf2c317336a6a07effb9e5f5b85b36de9 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf2c317336a6a07effb9e5f5b85b36de9 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf2c317336a6a07effb9e5f5b85b36de9:active , .uf2c317336a6a07effb9e5f5b85b36de9:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf2c317336a6a07effb9e5f5b85b36de9 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf2c317336a6a07effb9e5f5b85b36de9 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf2c317336a6a07effb9e5f5b85b36de9 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf2c317336a6a07effb9e5f5b85b36de9 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf2c317336a6a07effb9e5f5b85b36de9:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf2c317336a6a07effb9e5f5b85b36de9 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf2c317336a6a07effb9e5f5b85b36de9 .uf2c317336a6a07effb9e5f5b85b36de9-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf2c317336a6a07effb9e5f5b85b36de9:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Psychology book report Essay This meant that the bank had a fixed amount of currency, regardless of the demand for it. If people wanted to withdraw more money than the bank carried, then the bank had no way of providing the extra money. This led into the second problem of the bank, the fact that it was prone to panic. If people could not get their money out, then they panicked, and these panics drove banks out of business. In 1913, Congress created the Federal Reserve System and converted central banking into a government monopoly. All nationally chartered banks were required to maintain reserves with a regional Federal Reserve Bank. The regional reserve banks would be managed not for profit but in the public interest, by political appointees.The Act divided the country into twelve districts, each district with its own banking center. The banks within each district were then divided up with respect to size, so that small banks, medium banks, and large banks all have the same voting power. An appointed board of governors would oversee all bank operations within their respective districts, and the Federal Reserve would control the distribution of all currency. The Federal Reserve Act also required that all nationally chartered banks must be members of the Federal Reserve System. The bill passed through Congress with little difficulty, thanks to the Democratic stronghold in both houses, and President Wilson passed the act into law December 23, 1913. However, it was not met without criticism. It was said to have reflected the rooted dislike and distrust of banks and bankers that has been for many years and there should not be absolute political control over the business of banking. Despite some strong opposition it was made clear that although government influence would be present, it was designed to be free from personal or party politics. The public, much quicker than Wilson had anticipated, as he described the Act as a constitution of peace for the private businesses of the nation, accepted the Act quickly. The Act was not perfect, however, and the last sentence of the Act states: The right to amend, alter, or repeal this Act is hereby expressly reserved. In fact, an overlying theme of the Federal Reserve Act was one of uncertainty; and many of the provisions used language like under the rules and regulations to be specified by the Federal Reserve Board, and subject to review and determination of the Federal Reserve Board. The rules had to be developed as the game was learned. Though not an ideal system, the Federal Reserve Act did solve the problem of a flexible currency. The Federal Reserve Act helped to stabilize the volatile banking system. No longer were banks independent organizations working against each other. Now they were secure interrelated operations. The Federal Reserve Act worked because it eliminated the competition to hoard money between the banks and put the power into the hands of the government. Now, credit could be made available to expanding businesses, jobs could be created, and the banks would no longer have to worry about bank runs running them out of business. Because of the Federal Reserve Act, the economy could once again become expansionary with confidence

Managing a business A senior managers role in material management and management of the external environment

Managing a business A senior managers role in material management and management of the external environment Managing a business comes with its own challenges. Senior managers in business organizations must put in place appropriate strategies to ensure that the business runs smoothly without any internal shocks, and also be aware of relevant externalities that can substantially affect their business. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Managing a business: A senior managers role in material management and management of the external environment specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More To achieve this, there are serious decisions to be made, precautions to be taken, actions to be taken to counter certain externalities, etc. This paper explores the role of a senior manager in ensuring that the materials of a business are carefully managed and also suggests ways in which external business shocks can be managed. As mentioned above, senior managers have a key role to play in ensuring that their business runs smoothly. One of the key things that a manager should be conscious of is the status of materials in the organization. This is especially the case with businesses in the manufacturing industry. The importance of monitoring materials is therefore very important in such a business, if the business is to make any profits. A senior manager should ensure that he/she works closely with the managers responsible for management of materials to keep record of the status of materials and ensure that appropriate actions are taken as and when required. It is of essence that store keepers report to the senior manager in a timely manner so that appropriate actions can be taken. This, therefore, calls for appropriate controls initiated by senior management in the business organization to ensure that such reports are generated as and when required. Information such as the turnover of materials, materials left in the store, materials used per day, etc, should be availed to senior managers at critical times to give room for decisi on making (Sanders, 2006, p. 45). With proper material management by senior managers, the success of a business is guaranteed. Another important thing in the management of a business is the management of the external environment of a business. A senior business manager should ensure that he/she is informed of the status and/or changes in the industry in which his/her business operate. A senior manager should especially have a good understanding of the activities that the competitors of the business may be undertaking in order to gain a competitive edge (Sanders, 2006, p. 37). Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This is because a competitive edge on the part of competitors means that the business of the senior manager will be losing out on its market share. Additionally, a senior business manager should ensure that he/she gets information on any industrial shocks as ea rly as possible in order to make relevant decisions. This will ensure that the business is not affected badly by such shocks. For instance, in case the industry in which the business is operating will be experiencing shocks due to power outages, the senior manager should be aware in order to take remedial actions that will mitigate the effect that the shock will have on the business. In conclusion, it can be confidently argued that information is the key driver of business success. Whether a business realizes supernormal profits or incurs crippling losses may be determined by the kind of controls that a business organization has put in place to ensure that its senior managers get relevant information in a timely manner. The senior managers therefore have a responsibility to ensure that these controls are working, and also ensure that follow-ups are made on any loophole in the relay of relevant information.

Salary assignment Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Salary assignment - Research Paper Example The Alberta wage survey is said to cover 400 occupations providing information about the salaries and wages for both full time and part-time employees. This has been an analysis taken in 2011. The information provided, on the other hand, is based on the occupation, geographical areas of the employees and the industry group in Alberta (WAGEinfo., 2012). The survey is said to have played and still does play a great role to the lives of the individuals in Alberta. Its role, therefore, is to help them make both their career and educational plans. The survey also determines the pay scales and, hence, developing effective public policy. Lastly, the survey is responsible for the provision of the skill shortages (Government of Alberta, 2012). Embarking on the survey conducted in 2009, we are notified that the employment and the immigration department in Alberta collaborated with the service from Canada to conduct a survey on the Alberta wages and salaries every 2 years (Government of Alberta, 2012). The survey, conversely, is meant to gather the information about the employees both full time and part time depending on their occupation, geographical area and industry group. The information gathered was meant to help the people in Alberta for ‘transition into the workforce’ (ERL, 2012). Therefore, from the above table we can deduce that the minimum starting salary for a cabinetmaker is $12, while the highest salary is $23. This leads to an average salary of $17.24. On the other hand, the top salary a cabinetmaker can get is a minimum of $22 while the highest salary is $27 leading to an average of $35 (Clark, 1998). According to Clark (1998), the minimum starting salary of a carpenter is $14 while the highest is $38.63. The average starting salary is $22.74. In addition, the top salary of a carpenter is a minimum of $25 and a maximum of $45 leading to an average salary of $32.61. The chefs get a minimum starting salary

Dissertation,Cross Culture Communication at Restaurant Literature review

Dissertation,Cross Culture Communication at Restaurant - Literature review Example Perhaps it is imperative to understand culture because it is the backbone of solving intercultural communication in every organizational set-up including restaurants. Merkin (2011) defines it; culture refers to customs, beliefs and formalities that define a society. Society in this context may be tribe, nation, region or business entities. The technological advancements and emergencies of multinational companies operating across borders consider the study of cross-cultural communication an inevitable move. For instance, if a U.S companies considers establishing a Greenfield investment in Nigeria, the company needs to understand how to communicate with Nigerians because aspects such as marketing largely depend on communication. Additionally, the company will have to employee Nigerians to work hence knowing how to talk enables the company handle their workforce appropriately. The scenario primarily applies to the hospitality industry that absorbs a large number of workers. Merkin (2011) emphasizes that migration across borders has been on the increase due to the quick transportation means, hence understanding cross-cultural communication helps peop le when they seek opportunities in various industries. Organizations too, benefit as they get to comprehend how to manage a diverse workforce. First, the demographic shifts illustrate that international migration is on the rise due to factors such as education, business activities, and work and government diplomacy. Evidently, people from different nations, tribes and regions are likely to find themselves existing in a single social setting. Understanding cross-cultural communication is necessary to promote harmonious living where people do not feel their culture is despised. Secondly, intercultural communication is strategically important to companies that have the diversified workforce and operate as multinational (Pekerti and Thomas, 2015). For instance, the

Nursing ethical dilemma Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Nursing ethical dilemma - Essay Example Such scenarios make it necessary to study the ethical dilemmas faced by nurses to avoiding getting in trouble. Nurses ought to have moral concepts that would ensure that they provide care that is correct, rational and good. Nurses are obliged to give their patients the chance to express their feeling and choose the way they want nurses to serve them. Decision-making and science are the rationales under which ethical nursing care is based on. The essay focuses on two moral dilemmas that are common with practicing nurses in their daily activities. The essay relates the two ethical dilemmas faced by nurses to a particular moral principle that nurses should possess. Nurses are guided by a set code of ethics, which are meant to guide nurses on their actions and help to help solve moral dilemmas. The second part of the essay after the introduction part deals with the first ethical dilemma and the moral principle that relates to the dilemma. The third part of the essay tackles the second dilemma and just like the second part, the section also discusses the ethical principle under which the dilemma falls under. Conclusion is the final part of the paper, and this is where the major points in the essay are put in a clearer perspective. Nurses have reported cases of having to deal with patients who exercise their rights to say no to any directives given to them by nurses. Patients with Anorexia, an eating disorder that is becoming common refuse to take food given to them by nurses as the condition makes an individual detest eating. Patients suffering from the disease fail to eat any food provided to them by nurses and in the process, their body starts consuming itself damaging the patients health. Such an issue raises questions such as how nurses deal with patients who refuse to eat even if eating is imperative for them getting better. Another question on nurses’ mind is the motive behind such a patient’s decision of not

Mathematical and Physics Concepts in Computer Games

Mathematical and Physics Concepts in Computer Games Introduction A two part assignment was distributed and part one was run a simulation of a given differential equation using numerical integration techniques i.e. Euler and 4th order Runge-Kutta methods. Also continued as part one a table showing the results of the simulation was to be produced and each value was to be to 3 decimal places. Two graphs where to be produced a) a plot of each simulation result and the exact solution b) a plot of error values in each simulation and a short analysis of the results was to be produced. Part two a little more complicated than part one was to implement realistic physics of a rocket movement in earth atmosphere. Part 1 To calculate the exact solution was the simplest of equations mostly because it was provided it was a matter of processing the data. In simple terms to calculate the exact equation was displayed such as 1/(1+t), whereas t is time and increments by 0.25 each solution, therefore the equation would look like 1/(1+0.25) = 0.8 and the next step is 1/(1+0.50) = 0.667, furthermore is quite easy to calculate this equation. From the results appendix [a1] there are noticeable differences between Euler and the exact solution, first of all for Eulers method I used y-1+-(y-1^2)*(h), loosely translated into simpler terms y-1 is the previous y coordinate + -previous y coordinate to the power of 2 multiplied by h which in this case h was equal to 0.25. After having solved the equation for each t i.e. the x coordinate a significant difference was noticeable. After calculating Eulers results next was to calculate Eulers errors including the first y coordinate which was equal to 1 therefore the exact solution for the first y coordinate was also equal to 1 so there would be an error equal to 0 as the result. However the rest of the results varied but still remained below their equal t (x) coordinate for example t 0.250 was equal to y 0.800 in the exact solution and 0.750 in Eulers, after analysing the rest of the results prior to the calculation it was clear each Euler y result was lower than the exact solution y coordinate and was fairly easy to come to the error by simply exact solution y Euler solution y. Upon summing up all of Eulers results it gives a solution of 0.761 and dividing that by 41 gives a solution of 0.019. The reason it was divided by 41 is because there are 41 y coordinates including the first y coordinate which is equal to 1, therefore revealing the average number Euler error, suggesting Eulers method missed out on the exact solution at an estimate of 0.019, this does not seem a big difference but when trying to implement real physics in a game it makes all the difference. The graphs in appendix [a3] shows the simulation for Eulers method and the exact solution where it is easy to see each y coordinate and each error coordinate whereas [a4] shows the closer Eulers line and the exact line get to each other as t (time), (x coordinate) ascends, this suggests that Eulers method becomes more accurate over time and after using Eulers method for a long period of time eventually Eulers wouldve matched the exact solution at some point. Having viewed [a3] and [a4], [a8] shows the linear line for the exact solution and the linear line for Eulers method. 4th Order Runge-Kutta method was more complicated than Eulers mostly because as shown in [a1] the solution is more accurate because of the slopes that must be calculated in order to solve each y coordinate see [a2] for each slope solution. First and foremost we start by solving the first slope as k1 which was calculated as -(y-1^2) and like Eulers method translate to minus (the previous y coordinate to the power of 2) thats how k1 was solved. K2 has bit more calculation to process which looks like -(y-1+(0.5*k1-1*h))^2) translated to simpler terms is minus(previous y plus (0.5 multiplied by previous k1 multiplied by 0.25)) to the power of 2) this is how the second slope is discovered, solving k3 is much simpler because k1-1 is replaced with k2-1 the previous k1 solution that was just solved and k4s calculation becomes smaller -(y-1+(k3-1*h)) to the power of 2) just like k2 and k3, k4 using k3s previous solution that was solved. The fun part is finding y+1 which is the next y coordina te per t coordinate the calculation used is (y-1+((1/6)*(k1-1+2*(k2-1)+2*(k3-1)+k4-1)*h)) a significantly long calculation but reliable as it will get close to the exact solution result, translated it is (previous y coordinate plus(1 divided by 6) multiplied by (previous k1 solution plus 2 multiplied by (previous k2 solution) plus 2 multiplied by (previous k3 solution) plus (previous k4 solution) multiplied by 0.25). The sum of RK4 errors are 0 and the average was equally 0 that is an incredibly accurate method but more complicated to solve as Eulers method is the simplest RK method (first order) which is why RK4 is more accurate as it is a multi-stage method. See appendix [a5] for each y coordinate because RK4 method was incredibly accurate the exact solution coordinates cannot be seen but the data types are there to see and the legend is also there to show the different styles between each coordinate, appendix [a6] show the curve without any coordinate markers on them, again the c urves cannot be distinguished from each other because of RK4s incredible accuracy. See appendix [a7] to see the error coordinates for each integration technique on the same graph; it is quite easy to see which method is much more accurate but again this is because Eulers method is a first order method whereas Runge-Kutta is a fourth order method, Runge-Kuttas method has more steps in solving the equations therefore providing for a more accurate solution and producing less error values, whereas Eulers method only has one step and will always provide an error value each time. See [a9] for the linear line of the exact solution and RK4 estimation, it is extremely difficult to see because RK4 method is so accurate. Part 2 After using RK4 in part 1 an understanding it had taken some time to put it into physics, however the following scenario seems to be correct. The equation for acceleration is a = (Force Rocket + Force Drag) mass. The equation for Force drag is force drag = -0.5 * (0.2^3) * (0.2) * (20^2) * (2^2) ^2 The time step that is used is 1 i.e. 1kg m^2 because that is how much it can increment or decrement by with the user input. Time will go up to 60, the max the rockets force can go up to is 20kg m^2 and because acceleration is a derivative of velocity k1 = (time + velocity) i.e. the x and y positions. To find k2 the equation was k2 = (time + 0.5 * h, velocity + k1 * h), to find k3 is the same as k2 except the k1 in the equation is replaced with k2. K4 the last slope is calculated as k4 = (time + h, velocity + k3 * h). Lastly acceleration is calculated as a1 (next acceleration value) = (a-1 (previous value) + 1/6(k1 + 2 * k2 + 2 * k3 + k4) * h). The hard part is getting the equations correct after that it is a matter of using a loop in game to calculate the players position; the players position is equal to 5 metres. Pseudo Code for in game: Declare Static Class 4th Order Runge-Kutta { Do Declare Delegate double RK (x, y) variables declared as doubles (timer and velocity) Declare a static variable to calculate 1/6 as fS (fraction sixth) Declare rocket position as 5 Declare timer Declare a static double rk4(double x, y, h, RK f) x, y and h are doubles, r is called from delegate variable) { Declare half of h as halfh Declare Double k1, k2, k3, k4 Declare acceleration equals 0 y = acceleration K1 = (x plus y) K2 = (x plus halfh multiplied by h) plus (y plus k1 multiplied by h) K3 = (x plus halfh multiplied by h) plus (y plus k1 multiplied by h) K4 = (x plus h) plus (y plus k3 multiplied by h) Return (y plus fS multiplied by (k1 plus 2 multiplied by k2 plus 2 multiplied by k3 + k3)) RK acceleration equals y^2 ^^^ Returns acceleration } Declare Force drag kg to the power of 2 = -0.5 multiplied by (1.2 to the power of 3) multiplied by (0.2) multiplied by (20 to the power of 2) multiplied by (y to the power of 2 per second) because y is velocity Acceleration = (timer + force drag) / mass (decrement mass by 1 every second)) Player position plus acceleration every second If key pressed equals up Increment acceleration by 1Else if key press equals down Decrement acceleration by 1 Print timer, player position, acceleration and y While timer is less than 60 } Flowchart Critical analysis of the use of numerical integration techniques to solve similar situations in game development In the context of differential equations no numerical integration method is known as the method that is the best method to solve any and all ordinary differential equations. It all depends on the type of equation that is presented. When discussing gaming physics the solution to the differential equations plays a big part in games taking on more realism for example if a player fires an arrow in the air from a crossbow depending on velocity, gravity and wind etc. When and where will the arrows new position be within the game environment? Physics can be found almost anywhere whether it is in Skyrim shooting an arrow that will eventually drop or sniping in Battlefield that also includes bullets descending over time which is incredible and makes the games more realistic and much more difficult. Before using any method some basic equations must be known first for example force = mass multiplied by acceleration and acceleration = force divided by mass, standard equations that can be learned just using a search engine. Next the derivative of velocity is acceleration and the derivative of acceleration is position, a derivative is something which is based on another source [1] There are several methods to choose from when it comes to differential equations: First order integration Higher order integration First order integration Eulers Method One of the rather simpler methods that game developer can use although as already seen above it is not the most accurate. [2] Just like the previous ordinary differential equation that was solved in part one a developer takes the initial position and velocity and calculates the next position and velocity over time, a time step is used to calculate the next position and velocity such as the previous one that was used 0.25, once the first value is calculated the method is simply repeated to calculate the next one. An equation could look like this Vn+1 = Vn + (An *dt) whereas V is velocity and A is acceleration then the position could be calculated like Pn+1 = Pn + (Vn *dt) whereas P is position. Although this is a simpler method to use an error value will always be return because it is not the most accurate to produce solutions. Using any method can produce error values which is why the numerical integration methods provide estimations and not exact solutions whereas as the error value calculates how far off the estimation was from the exact solution. According to Bourg [3] instability is eliminated or minimized by smaller step sizes however larger steps size seems to make the problem much more complicated than it needs to be. Stability plays an important part for calculating equations more calculations will be processed if the step size is significantly small however this results in more stability. Bourg [3] mentions an adaptive step size where after a predicted amount of error the step size is changed as calculations are being processed. To use adaptive step size method it has to be based on the errors given from the estimations by doubling the step size, Heidts [4] mentions in his abstract the adaptive step size method works considerably well with second-order split-step Fourier integration scheme and can be greatly improved when using it alongside 4th order Runge-Kutta method. Unless the error values provided by Eulers estimations causes a serious change in a games physics then there should be no problem using Eulers method for simpler equations [2]. The simplest way to estimate the exact solution is using Eulers method, when using the method and there is a big difference between y1 and y-1, setting aside the curvature the linear extrapolation will not match up to it. Higher Order Integration 4th Order Runge-Kutta Runge-Kutta is more commonly used in physics [2], this integration method is incredibly accurate from what has been displayed already in part one of this report due to the method have many more steps to solving equations. The accuracy is second to none because RK4 calculates equations estimations in four steps thus given the name 4th Order. In order to achieve this accuracy a price must be paid and the price is more calculations need to be processed to calculate the physics; it has many more computations than other integrator techniques [2]. These types of calculations only need to be considered when accuracy is a must in games like bouncing a grenade of a doorframe in call of duty, therefore not all physics in games will require RK4 to calculate physics because physics is different in all games and some will only require Eulers method. So using the example of the Rocket in earths atmosphere a = Fr + Fd / m translates to acceleration = (FORCE rocket + FORCE drag) divided by mass. The rocket force increments by 1kg/m2 every time the user presses the UP key on the keyboard. Fr is calculated as Fd = -0.5.P.Cd.A.v^2 so basically force drag = minus 0.5 multiplied by P (airdensity) multiplied by Cd (Drag coefficient) multiplied by A (frontal area of the rocket) multiplied by v (velocity) squared. Conclusion All in all no numerical integration technique is better than the other it all depends what kind of physics in games needs to be produced, if its simple physics where the estimation does not make a major impact on the outcome Eulers method is the way to go for its quick computations it can make having simulations processed rather quickly, as for games where more complicated physics is involved 4th Order Runge-Kutta is the next best thing although it takes many more computations to be calculated the estimates are near perfect, RK4 is second to none when it comes to accuracy because of the extra work that needs to be considered. For example in games like battlefield RK4 is most likely to be used for those physics because the estimations need to be as accurate as can be, this takes into account bullet drop and flying aircrafts. Appendix [a1] [a2] [a3] [a4] [a5] [a6] [a7] [a8] Euler [a9] Rk4 References [1]https://www.google.co.uk/?gfe_rd=crei=xfluWI62OrLS8AerrruIDAgws_rd=ssl#q=what+is+a+derivative (Accessed: 18 December 2016). [2] Dickinson, J. (2015) Numerical integration in games development. Available at: https://jdickinsongames.wordpress.com/2015/01/22/numerical-integration-in-games-development-2/ (Accessed: 20 December 2016). [3] Bourg, D.M. (2001) Physics for games developers. United States: OReilly Media, Inc, USA (Accessed: 25 December 2016).. [4] Heidt, A.M. (2009) Efficient Adaptive step size method for the simulation of Super continuum generation in optical fibres, Journal of Light wave Technology, 27(18), p. 1. doi: 10.1109/jlt.2009.2021538 (Accessed: 2 January 2017).

Korea Two Pieces of a Puzzle :: essays papers

Korea Two Pieces of a Puzzle Korea is a nation that is rich with culture and corruption. Korea has been a unified nation for over 1500 years and in that time they have been persecuted and then divided. Before all this happened the Koreans were becoming a very culturally enriched society. Around the same time as the fall of the Roman Empire the Koreans were coming up with new ideas on architecture, art, science and even a central government. The Korean people lived in peace for 500 years under the rule of Choson (Yi) dynasty. After Japan defeated China in 1895 and then the Russians in 1905, Korea was then under complete control by the Japanese. This is when the Japanese entered the scene. When the Japanese took over they first annexed Choson in 1910 and then began their attempt to destroy the Korean culture for the next 35 years. The Korean government was taken over; every upper level government position was taken from the Koreans. The Japanese went as far as to outlaw the Korean language and even tried to b an Korean family names. Not until the end of World War II, was when the Koreans finally overcame Japans rule. At the end of World War II is when Korea became a divided country. The United States, Great Britain and the former U.S.S.R defeated nazi Germany and then went on to take out Japan. After Japan was out of the picture the U.S., U.S.S.R. and Great Britain decided that Korea should become their own nation once again. The U.S. was to accept the Japanese defeat south of the 38th parallel and the Russians were to accept the Japanese defeat north of the 38th parallel. This was the first step into dividing the Koreans as a people. All forces and all foreign military were to be evacuated from Korea; this is what was supposed to happen. What actually happened was a result of the Cold War tensions. Because of the Cold war the Russians imposed a Communist government on all Koreans north of the 38th parallel and the United States imposed a nationalist/capitalist democracy south of 38th parallel. After the U.S. and the U.S.S.R. imposed their own style of government on Korea came the formation of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korean in the north and in the south was the Republic of Korea, in 1948.